PRODUCT STAGE (A1–A3)
A1Raw materials
Extraction and processing of raw materials. Usually the largest share of embodied carbon for most construction products.
A2Transport
Transport of raw materials to the manufacturing plant.
A3Manufacturing
Energy and process emissions at the factory where the product is made.
CONSTRUCTION (A4–A5)
A4To site
Transport from factory gate to construction site. Set distance and vehicle type in the A4–A5 tab.
A5On site
Site energy use and material waste during installation.
USE PHASE — NOT INCLUDED
B1–5Use & maintenance
Not included. Requires project-specific service life data.
B6–7Energy & water
Operational energy and water use. Not included in this version.
END OF LIFE (C1–C4)
C1Demolition
Energy for deconstruction at end of life. Typically small relative to A1–A3.
C2Transport
Waste transport to processing or disposal facility.
C3Processing
Sorting, shredding and reprocessing of waste material.
C4Disposal
Final landfill or incineration without energy recovery.
BEYOND
DNet benefit
Recycling / reuse credit beyond the system boundary. Reported separately — never added to A1–C4 total per EN 15804+A2:2019.
A1–A3 included A4–A5 included (optional inputs) C1–C4 included (per EOL scenario) B1–B7 not included D reported separately
Module D = 0 for landfill means no material or energy is recovered — zero credit is correct, not a gap. For timber and plastics, landfill also causes long-term methane not captured in these generic C4 factors.
Generic emission factors from the ICE Database v3.0 (University of Bath, 2019). Use when no product-specific EPD is available. Open ICE database ↗
Database / programme
Year published
Declared unit
A1–A3 emission factor
Reference
Select a material above, enter a quantity and click Add.
Disclaimer: FastLCA provides indicative estimates only and does not constitute a certified LCA, EPD or regulatory declaration. Generic A1–A3 values: ICE Database v3.0 (University of Bath, 2019). Transport factors: ECTA (2011). Generic C1–C4 and Module D values: estimated from published EPD ranges — not from a single verified source. Pre-loaded product EPD values are taken from publicly published declarations — verify current EPDs before formal use. User-entered EPD values are not verified by FastLCA. Module D is reported separately and excluded from A1–C4 totals per EN 15804+A2:2019. Use phase (B1–B7) not included. For regulatory or compliance purposes, commission a certified LCA practitioner. FastLCA v0.3 — hello@fastlca.com